EKICOAT
Applied Research on Multifunctional Coatings to Integrate Photovoltaics in Distributed Applications.
The aim of the competitive Hazitek EKICOAT project (ZE-2022/00261) is to obtain a new range of multifunctional coatings for composite photovoltaic (PV) modules capable of improving optical properties and photovoltaic performance, as well as providing additional properties to minimise wear and tear (e.g., in the soiling/cleaning processes) or damage (e.g., due to abrasion). These losses will be minimized by optimising the formulation and controlled thicknesses during application and seeking multifunctionality (e.g., UV blocker, anti-abrasion, anti-dirt, etc.).
Under the leadership of INMOMAT, MUGAPE has worked on the deposition techniques of the coatings developed by INNOMAT on composite photovoltaic modules using their own technology.
Today's society demands a more sustainable level of electricity consumption. Photovoltaic energy has the potential to contribute to renewable energy generation within the framework of a distributed energy generation system. To make this new energy consumption scheme a reality, it is necessary to develop technology that allows the integration of photovoltaics into applications. Some examples of innovative solutions which can be solved by the incorporation of photovoltaic elements made of composite include: (1) in buildings to replace traditional building materials; (2) in the envelope of electric vehicles; and (3) in floating structures to replace existing glass structures, whose mooring requires complex anchorages.
The main purpose of this project is to obtain multifunctional coatings for photovoltaic cells that meet the following requirements:
• High optical transmittance, UV-blocking, anti-abrasion, anti-soiling, etc.
• Anti-reflective properties allowing for the minimisation of optical losses that occur at the air-composite interface.
• High durability and resistance to environmental conditions (e.g., UV radiation, humidity, and thermal cycling) to protect the module exposed to these agents.
MUGAPE’s main task is to optimise the deposition of the coatings developed on composite photovoltaic modules. MUGAPE will work on: (1) optimising thickness, as it must be much thinner than those currently used for other applications; and (2) homogenising the coating by considering the complex geometry that integrable modules may require. Therefore, the project focuses on the development of a multifunctional coating, which will complement and enhance the durability performance of the PV module under various environmental working conditions. This coating will combine: (1) optics aimed at maximising photovoltaic generation; and (2) protection from environmental agents and other foreseeable damage generated under normal usage conditions (e.g., soiling, fingerprints, abrasion, etc.). Currently, there are no commercial coatings specifically for composite substrates that provide an appropriate balance of protection and optical performance. The new coating may be different, given that different technological lines are envisioned for its design.
The technology developed is intended to provide the composite with the required multifunctionality, thus making up for the composite’s current shortcomings, as compared to glass photovoltaic modules.
The project is led by INNOMAT Coatings, in partnership with MUGAPE. In addition, it is a collaboration with the Tecnalia Technology Research Centre.